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Land Mass Total
780,580 sq km
Land
770,760 sq km
Water
9,820 sq km
Land Boundaries
Total: 2,627 km
Border countries: Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km,
Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 331 km, Syria 822 km
Coastline
7,200 km
Maritime claim
Exclusive economic zone: in Black Sea only: to the maritime boundary
agreed upon with the former USSR
Territorial sea: 6 nm in the Aegean Sea; 12 nm in Black Sea and in
Mediterranean Sea
Climate
Temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in
interior.
| |
MIN Cº |
MAX Cº |
|
January |
3
|
9 |
|
February |
2 |
9 |
|
March |
3 |
11 |
|
April |
7 |
16 |
|
May |
12 |
21 |
|
June |
16 |
26 |
|
July |
18 |
29 |
|
August |
20 |
29 |
|
September |
16 |
25 |
|
October |
12 |
21 |
|
November |
8 |
15 |
|
December |
5 |
11 |
Terrain
Mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central plateau
(Anatolia).
Elevation extremes
Lowest: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
Highest: Mount Ararat 5,166 m
Natural Resources
Antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper, borate, sulfur, iron ore,
arable land, hydropower.
Land use
Arable land 32%
Permanent crops 4%
Permanent pastures 16%
Forests and woodland 26%
Other 22%
(1993)
Natural hazards
Very severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc
extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van.
Environment - current issues
Water pollution from dumping of chemicals and detergents; air
pollution, particularly in urban areas; deforestation; concern for oil
spills from increasing Bosporus ship traffic.
Geography Note
Strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of
Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas.
Demographics
Population
65,666,677 (July 2000)
Age structure
0-14 years: 29% (male 9,722,217; female 9,375,920)
15-64 years: 65% (male 21,671,638; female 20,966,110)
65 years and over: 6% (male 1,811,599; female 2,119,193)
Growth Rate
1.27% (2000)
Life Expectancy
70.97 years
Male: 68.63 years
Female: 73.41 years
GDP Per Capita
US$6,600 (1998)
Infant Mortality
48.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2000)
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female
Total population: 1.02 male(s)/female
Net migration rate
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000)
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